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Aikido techniques are frequently referred to as ''waza'' 技 (which is Japanese for technique, art or skill). Aikido training is based primarily on two partners practicing pre-arranged forms (''kata'') rather than freestyle practice. The basic pattern is for the receiver of the technique (''uke'') to initiate an attack against the person who applies the technique—the 取り ''tori'', or ''shite'' , (depending on aikido style) also referred to as ( ''nage'' (when applying a throwing technique), who neutralises this attack with an aikido technique.〔 Both halves of the technique, that of ''uke'' and that of ''tori'', are considered essential to aikido training.〔 Both are studying aikido principles of blending and adaptation. ''Tori'' learns to blend with and control attacking energy, while ''uke'' learns to become calm and flexible in the disadvantageous, off-balance positions in which ''tori'' places him. This "receiving" of the technique is called ''ukemi''. ''Uke'' continuously seeks to regain balance and cover vulnerabilities (e.g., an exposed side), while ''tori'' uses position and timing to keep ''uke'' off-balance and vulnerable. In more advanced training, ''uke'' may apply to regain balance and pin or throw ''tori''. refers to the act of receiving a technique. Good ''ukemi'' involves attention to the technique, the partner and the immediate environment - it is an active rather than a passive "receiving" of Aikido. The fall itself is part of Aikido, and is a way for the practitioner to receive, safely, what would otherwise be a devastating strike or throw (or joint lock control) and return to a standing position in one fluid movement. The person throwing (or applying other technique) must take into account the ''ukemi'' ability of his partner, as well as the physical space: walls, weapons (wooden tantō, bokken, jō) on the tatami, and the aikido practitioners nearby. ''Uke'' must attack with a strength and speed appropriate to the skill level of the ''tori''; in the case of beginners, this means an attack of far less severity than would be encountered in a real-life self-defense situation. ==Training techniques== * / 〔(Japanese martial arts terms ) Two Cranes Aikido, Seattle, Washington〕 teaches movement from the hip rather than relying on muscle strength of the arms * trains students to enter with both arms forward in the ''tegatana'' (手刀) position. * altering the direction of an incoming attack * / / breathing is important in the execution of all aikido techniques. Here "breathing" has an additional meaning of "match with" or "accord," as the efforts of ''tori'' must agree with the direction and strength with which his wrists are held by ''uke''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aikido techniques」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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